Hunting of Some Bacterial Species Based on Isolation and Identification from River Water and Sediments and from Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq
Keywords:
food-borne diseases, food poisoning, food safetyAbstract
Bacterial presence or contamination in food is a major alarm for public health. Controlling measures should be taken to limit this problem for better food safety. This procedure starts with some critical steps, such as identification of bacterial species and their pathogenicity. According to these, this investigative study was carried out to explore the existence of some bacterial species in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and river water and sediment in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq. For that, 80 live-fish samples were purchased from different regions in the province, which included Al-Saniyah, Al-Dagharah, Al-Shafeiyah, and Al-Diwaniyah City (markets). Water was subjected to physiochemical tests that included pH, dissolved oxygen (% and g/l), salinity (ppt), conductivity (ms/cm), tds (g/l), and temperature. The fish samples were subjected to visual tests, including firmness and clarity of the eyes and color of the gills. Water and fish skin, gills, and gut were used to explore bacterial presence by using conventional cultivation and biochemical tests. The pathogenicity was estimated by the capability of the isolated bacteria to synthetize biofilm. The findings of the physiochemical tests showed no major differences among regions. The findings of the bacterial isolation and identification from water, sediments, and fish samples revealed the presence common bacterial microorganisms shared among regions and the source of samples, which included Vibrio spp, Aeromonas spp, E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp, Staphylococcus spp, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, and Serratia spp. The results of the biofilm capability demonstrated that all bacterial isolates were able to produce biofilm; however, Vibrio spp, Aeromonas spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Serratia spp showed the highest (p<0.05) in generating biofilms. The data of the current work indicates high levels of bacterial occurrence in fish and their environment with similar bacterial microorganisms.
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